![]() (an LQ exceeding 1) but are slower growing “transitioning” clusters, such as business and government, are smaller relative to the nation and are slower growing or declining. “Mature” sectors, such as machinery manufacturing, are more concentrated relative to the U.S. “Emerging” industries, such as recreation, are relatively smaller compared with the nation (an LQ less than 1) but are fast growing. SOURCES: Texas Workforce Commission Bureau of Labor Statistics.Ĭlusters in the “star” quadrant, such as energy and mining, have a large share of employment relative to the nation (an LQ far exceeding 1, in this case) and are relatively fast growing. NOTE: Bubble size represents cluster share of metropolitan statistical area employment. Ĭhart 8.1: It’s All About Energy in Midland–Odessa The chart is organized by location quotient (LQ)-a measure of a cluster’s share of local employment relative to its share nationally-and the change in employment share between 20. The composition of industry clusters in Midland–Odessa is shown in Chart 8.1. Investment grew in the prolific formation even during periods of soft oil and gas prices, as its infrastructure, industry know-how and technological advancement helped make retrieving energy deposits relatively inexpensive. After years of decline that began with the 1980s oil bust, the Permian Basin and its economic center, Midland–Odessa, were regenerated by the shale oil boom of the late 2000s. Demand for oil and petrochemicals rose during World War II, helping transform Odessa into the world’s largest inland petrochemical complex.įrom that point forward, the area’s economy was closely tied to the energy industry, rising with the oil booms and contracting with the busts. Scores of investors and oilfield workers moved to the area, and by 1929, a total of 36 oil companies had established offices in Midland. ![]() The beginnings of the oil boom in the Permian Basin-which encompasses two counties in New Mexico and 55 counties in West Texas-arrived in the 1920s. Midland became a prominent cattle shipping center for Texas as well as a regional financial hub by 1890. Early on, the area relied primarily on ranching. Midland and Odessa are sibling cities about 20 miles apart and jointly promoted as “Two Cities, No Limits.” Like many other Texas communities, Midland and Odessa began as stations along a railroad-halfway points between Dallas and El Paso along the Texas and Pacific Railway. The subsequent reemergence of oil production, during what became a period of technological advances, has required fewer blue-collar workers. The Permian Basin has bounced back after energy activity and household income decreased sharply with the onset of the oil bust in 2015.Per capita personal income in Midland is the highest in the state. The dominant energy industry has been supported by manufacturing and transportation. The shale boom of the last decade boosted household income and spurred economic growth.The Permian Basin oil boom in the mid-1920s shifted the economic focus to energy. Midland and Odessa began as railroad towns and together evolved into a cattle shipping center and regional financial hub.The MSAs encompass Ector, Martin and Midland counties. This shifts any precipitation created downwind preventing it from falling back into the updraft which would diminish the storm.*The Midland–Odessa combined statistical area is composed of the Midland and Odessa metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs). Increasing wind speed with height, called speed shear, helps to tilt the supercell’s updraft. Wind shear is the change in the wind’s speed and/or direction with height.įor supercell formation, the meteorologists focus’ on how the wind’s speed increases with height AND the direction the wind changes with height. ![]() The rotation of the updraft comes from an additional ingredient, besides moisture, lift and instability mentioned earlier, called wind shear. Updraft rotation helps these storms prolong their lifetime which can be measured in hours instead of minutes. What sets them apart is the updraft rotates counterclockwise. Supercells are not defined by their size as they can be large or small, tall or short. During the late afternoon and early evening of April 3, 2004, this supercell thunderstorm dropped 2 inch-diameter hail over Chaparral, N.M.
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